Airborne Environmental DNA Reveals a New Way to Monitor Wildlife and Pollution

In a recent breakthrough from researchers in Dublin, scientists have demonstrated that environmental DNA, or eDNA, can be captured from the air to detect the presence of animals, plants, microbes, and even controlled substances. This discovery expands the potential of eDNA from soil and water into atmospheric sampling, opening new doors for ecological surveillance.

By collecting air samples across various urban and semi-urban areas in Dublin, the researchers were able to detect genetic traces from a wide range of sources. These included mammals, birds, insects, fungi, and even plants associated with narcotics, such as cannabis and opium poppies. The analysis relied on high-throughput sequencing, revealing not just the types of organisms present, but their abundance and potential sources.

This method allows for passive, noninvasive monitoring of ecosystems and urban environments. It could be used to track endangered species, monitor air quality, detect allergens or pathogens, and even help law enforcement identify areas of illegal agricultural activity. Because the process does not require visual sightings or direct contact, it has advantages in settings where traditional tracking methods fall short.

However, the technology raises ethical questions. The ability to detect human-related DNA or trace specific activities from airborne particles means privacy and consent must be taken into account. Researchers stress the need for legal and ethical frameworks to prevent misuse and ensure the data is used solely for scientific or public health purposes.

This discovery positions airborne eDNA as a powerful new tool for environmental science, with far-reaching implications for conservation, epidemiology, law enforcement, and climate research.

Source:

https://www.scmp.com/news/world/europe/article/3266469/scientists-say-airborne-dna-detects-wildlife-diseases-and-even-drugs